Regardless if all K-pop fandom try geared towards male idols, that it papers concentrates generally toward sexual objectification, lookism, and you may sexism during the lady idols’ audio and prospective affect fans’ (mainly younger females) intercourse attitudes
It is important to studies this element of K-pop because it is way more difficult in terms of new darkened facts of sex issues into the Korea: Although Korea enjoys effectively modernized its savings, they lags far at the rear of other OECD (Organisation having Monetary Co-process and you can Creativity) nations with respect to intercourse equality ( Bethmann & Rudolf, 2016 ; Rudolf & Kang, 2015 ). Featuring the largest intercourse pay pit and also the worst working ecosystem for females certainly one of steeped regions, Korea’s ranks throughout the All over the world Gender Pit Index is actually into the level that have Muslim-most countries really-recognized for their discrimination against women and ranked really underneath the stubbornly patriarchal Japan ( GGGR, 2015 ; PwC, 2017 ; The Economist, 2016 ).
Students was in fact looking at and criticizing the brand new excessively sexualized, usually sexist blogs, in addition to the propagation of lookism within the K-pop music and you will discussing the possible influence on K-pop fans. Prior to these talks and taking the possible lack of hard proof from the discussion, which report reveals the following theory: In the event that K-pop music actually promotes sexist principles and also the objectification of women (due to the fact established in point II), their international success might have bad consequences on continuing growth of sex equivalence globally. ; and 2) What’s the relationships ranging from K-pop music fandom and you can fans’ thinking towards the department from labor anywhere between men and women in this and beyond your domestic?
This research mainly results in the existing literary works about adopting the two ways. Basic, that with an alternate and you may recently compiled study group of six,317 findings of one hundred nations, this study contributes rare tough empirical proof for the discussion out-of how K-pop music impacts fans’ intercourse perceptions. 2nd, the analysis suggests how sexism, lookism, and you may sexualization will most likely not you need to be soft cultural facts, however, might actually determine individual thinking regarding how paid back and you can unpaid functions are going to be separated ranging from people. not, it should additionally be detailed that this studies will not desire determine one causal consequences. Because of the constraints off a mix-sectional survey design, performance should be interpreted because the correlations in place of causation.
For this reason, the research inquiries become checked-out are listed below: 1) What is the relationship between the degree of K-pop music fandom (mentioned by the an individual’s determination to pay for K-pop music products and situations) and you may individual gender attitudes?
With the rest of this post is planned the following. This can provide the abstract basis for the study hypothesis and you can the newest empirical study. Part III introduces the brand new questionnaire construction, data place and details, and you will presents detailed analytics of your parameters utilized in this study. Point IV gifts the brand new empirical methods utilized for research and you may empirical show. Part V stops the content.
Sexism, for example sexist thinking on people, and therefore mainly stem from traditional stereotypes on gender spots, is amongst the fundamental offenders that substitute just how off gender equality. Earlier in the day research has examined sex-part stereotyping in the sounds films ( Aubrey & Frisby, 2011 ; Kalof, 1999 ; Kistler & Lee, 2009 ; Seidman, 1992 ) and other news versions ( Lauzen, Dozier, & Horan, 2008 ; Wood, 1994 ), and found you to definitely compared to the men, women can be more likely to be sexually objectified and you may stored in order to more strict appearance requirements. Also, women can be also have a tendency to portrayed with techniques you to emphasizes antique sex roles: boys have been healthier, prominent, competitive, and you may violent, when you’re females was more likely to become showed just like the weakened, created, submissive, and you will caring. However some K-pop teams and you can idols apparently challenge traditional sex roles as a result of its androgynous otherwise homoerotic imageries (such as for example, Emerald regarding f(x), Jo Kwon of 2AM, and you can Lee Hong-gi out of F.T. Island) and you may remind much more egalitarian sex perceptions, the popular K-pop artisans, such as for example lady groups, was in fact compliant towards the prominent stereotypes.